Pump liner



G. w. wAL'roN 2,584,518

Feb. 5, 1952 PUMP LINER Filed Feb. 14, 1947,

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Patented Feb. 5, 11952 l UmT-ED "STATES PATENT oFElcE 'r l 2,584,518 Y' n PUMP LINER y George W. Walton, Dallas, Tex. Application February 14, 1947, Serial No.77`28,5171

6 Claims.

This invention relates to new and provements in pump liners.

The invention has to do with pump liners, particularly those used in slush pumps or pumps handling liquidsv carrying more or less abrasive matter in suspension; however, the invention is not limited to such use.

It has been customary to. make these liners re movable so that when worn, they may be replaced.. It has also beenthe practice to provide packings at the end portions of such liners However, such packings have been of the socalled compression type wherein a packing of rubber or elastic composition, is deformed into the entire packing space until it becomes a substantially'dead mass, having little or no elasticityvor life when in place. Under such conditions, the liner is normally held against longitudinal movement, but there is no positive means for maintaining the liner fixed against endwise play. It is therefore one object of the invention to overcome these objections.

An important object of the invention is to provide an improved pump cylinder having one or more liners arranged so that each liner has spaced metal to metal contacts with relative fixed abutments and while employing packings, is not dependent upon such packings to hold the liner against endwise play.

useful im- A particular object of the invention is to employ liners which, while positively held against endwise movement during the strokes of the pump piston or plunger, Yare capable of being longitudinally adjusted to compensate abutment and flange wear, in combination with fluid-pressure sealing packings which function independently of the means holding the liners against endwise movement.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump liner packing including an elastic pack.- ing, preferably circular in cross-section and retained in a recess between walls so'that the packing isfslightly deformedfradiallyg-but is free to undergo lateral deformation Y when subjected to uid pressure, whereby the packing retains a major portion of its elasticityor' life when A further object of the invention is to provide a `liner of the double sleeve. type wherein one end of a sleeve` engages a relatively fixed abutment and the. opposite end of the other 'sleeve engages a fixed abutment, with provision, whereby the sleeves may be longitudinally adjusted to compensate .wear and -with fluidpressurel sealing members contacting the sleevesthus Vcompensating endwise wear and more efficientlyv packing, off the sleeves. A construction designed `to carry outthe in-1- vention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention. The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein examples ofthe invention arervshown,`

and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a partial, longitudinal sectional View@y of a reciprocating pump, showing a linerl constructed in accordance with the invention-,

Fig. 2 is a partial, longitudinal sectional-view of a portion of a pumpcylinderand linershow-f ing another-form of the invention, I 1.1 Fig. y3 is a view, similar to Fig.-.2, ofl still an. other form, and v k 1 ,j Fig. 4 is an enlarged, sectional view off-.the double liner packing shown in Fig. 1. In the drawings, the numeral I0 designates-a pump cylinder which hasr a cylindrical bore II'; and .a hollow head I2 at one end, asis shownl in Fig. l. An inwardly-directed annular iiange.

I3 separates one end ofA the bore from the in:- terior of the head-'however, this flange: may .be omitted. The boreal I has a counterborel I4 and'y an annular internal shoulder I5 adjacent its op;-v

posite end. Between the flange-.I3 and the shoul-- der I5, a circumferential relief sump or recess I6:`

is formed in the main bore II. Since the width' of the recess is equal to a major portion of thel length of the bore II, vsaid 'bore .has-only-rela-z tively narrow supporting surfaces adjacent :the

flange and shoulder. i

An outer cylindrical liner in the bore II of the cylinder and hasfzan inl wardly-directed 'annular lipi|8 at itsinner end spaced from the-flange I3. The outer"'linerhas' a cylindrical bore-'I9, an annular 'shoulder 20j and a counter-'bore-ZI adjacent; the counterbore'.y

I4 and shoulder IS-ofthe cylinder.' 1i I YAn external Vcylindrical boss` 22, tting snugl in the counterbore I4 `and. abutting the `shoulder* l5, is formed on theliner I'l'in` surrounding `relation to its counterbore 2|/ The co'unterbore.

I4 of the cylinder is extended into 'an outerhead 23, through which the outer liner I1 may be in..-

serted into the cylinder and removed therefrom.;

An inner cylindricalliner 24 is snugly'fitted: in the liner I1 with its inner end abutting' the lip I8 and its bore 25 substantially` ilush1with the inner circumferential faceof said'lip.;,1he'usual pump plunger or piston 326,' reciprjocates ,in the-4 190.16' 25. Aiollowe'r ringv orv cage A2l has a snug;

3 sliding t in the counterbore I4 of the cylinder. The ring abuts the outer end of the inner liner 24 so as to hold said inner liner against the lip I8, whereby the boss 22 of the outer liner I1 is held against the shoulder I5.

A narrow annular ange 28, extending laterally from the inner side of the follower ring 21, has a. sliding t in the counterbore 2I, but only extends therein a short distance. It will be observed that While the liners are normally securely held against endwise movement, the inner end of the outer liner I1 is spaced from the flange I3 and the outer end of said liner is spaced from the ring 21; thus, the end thrust of the outer liner is taken by the shoulder I5, in one direction, and in the opposite direction, by the engagement of the lip I8 with the inner end of the inner liner 24.. The inner liner is held against endwise movement in either direction by its engagement with the lip I8 and the ring 21. It is pointed out that the liners have a metal to metal contact with the elements I5, I8 and 21, which form relatively fixed.' abutments, thus, positively holding the liners against endwise movement during the piston strokes. The `follower ring is held in place by a hollow cap or closure plate 29, fastened on the head 23, by bolts 30. The inner side ofthe cap is reduced to iit in an annular seat 3l in the outer face of the ring 21 and a metallic gasket 32 is confined in the counterbore I4 between the ring and the cap.

An important feature of the invention resides in fluid-pressure sealing packings surrounding the liner. Adjacent the lip I8, the outer liner I1 is formed with an external, circumferential recess 33, while the boss 22 is formed with a pair of spaced external, circumferential recesses 34. 'I'hese recesses each have the same general crosssectional shape, as is shown in Fig. 4. Each recess has its inner side 35 inclined or flaredv outwardly. Elastic packing ring or members 36 and 31 are conned in the recesses 33 and 34, respectively.V These rings are preferably solid, being circular in cross-section and formed of synthetic rubber or some other suitable elastic composition.

The ring 36 resting on the-bottom of its recess 33 engages the Ybore Il of thecylinder I0. The thickness of the ring annulus is such that when said ring is in place, said annulus will be slightly deformed and thusvin intimate'contact with the bottom of the recess and the bore of the cylinder, This arrangement prevents a pressure iluid from transversely by-passing the ring. Since the ring 36 is subjected to pressure fluid from the inner end of the cylinder, such pressure fluidwill act to force the ring against the inclined side 35 yof the' recess, whereby it willbe further deformed and an effective seal provided." Withrespect to the rings 31, the arrangement and action is simi lar, except that a seal is provided for pressure lfluidsacting-from each side of the boss22; said rings sealing in the counterbore I4.

The inner liner 24-l'iasV an external, circumferential recess 38and anelastic` packing ring or member therein at its inner end, similar to the elements 33, 34, 35 and 31. At the opposite end of the inner liner, an external, circumferential groove 40 is formed and a metallic spacer ring 4I is seated in this groove. The ring 4I projects outwardly from the outer surface of the inner liner and has Vsides 35', inclined or flared, so as to produce theA same configuration as the inclined sides 35 and -to provide recesses 34'. on each side of thev spacer ring, similar to the recesses 34.` The recesses 34' are preferably located in radial alinement to the recesses 34. Packing members or rings 42 are conned in the recesses 34 within the counterbore 2I and are elastic and act like the rings 31.

Since wear or imperfect structure may cause a leak past the packing rings, a tell-tale is provided. In the outer circumferential surface of the spacer ring 4I, a circumferential sump 43 is formed and a similar sump 4,4 is formed in the outer surface `offthe wall; or abutment 45, separating the recesses 34 (Fig.4). These sumps are vconnected by a small radial duct 46 in the liner I1 and abutment 45. A port 41 in the cylinder wall is alined with the duct and communicates with the sump 44. A bleeder nozzle 48 is countersunk in the cylinder wall at the port. If there should be a leak ,from the inner or outer packings, the presence of oil at the nozzle will so indicate. It is pointed out that the ring 4I and abutment 43 perform identical functions so as to be equivalents and merely represent different constructions for accomplishing the same result.Av

The form of the invention shown in Fig'. 2 is quite similar to Fig. 1. Instead of the separate spacer ring 4I, an integral rib or ring 49 is employed andv this ribv is substantially identical to the abutment 45. If desired. a metallic gasket 50 may be interposed betweenthe boss 22 and the shoulder I5 of the cylinder. The counterbore 2I and the flange 28 are omitted while the packings are substantially the same.

Fig. 3 shows a single liner 5I, similar to the outer liner I1, in that it has ari-external packing recess 52 Y with an elastic member or ring 53 therein at its inner end and a circumferential boss 54 at its outer end. The ilared sides 35 are omitted from the recess 52. An abutment or stop ring 55 partially embedded'in a circumferential groove 56 inthe liner, lits in the counterbore I4 of the cylinder and abuts the shoulder I5. A spacer ring 51, rectangular in cross-section, is partially embedded in a groove 58 in the outer surface of the liner and itsin the counterbore I4. Afollower ring 21having a marginal annular lip 59 which 'extends into the counterbore I4, bears against the outer end of the liner. The ring 51 is spaced sufficiently from the `ring 55 and the lip 59 to provide annular recesses 60 on each side 'of said ring 51, which receive elastic packing members or vrings 6I. The port 41 in the cylinder wall communicates with a peripheral sump 62 in the ring 51. While the flared sides 35 are not used, an adequate uid pressure seal is provided..

It will be observed that in each form the liner is held against endwise movement by a relatively fixed abutment and a metal to metal contact. These structures assure positive holding and any adjustment due tok wearY or other cause, is accompli'shedby means of thefbolts 30. Thesevbolts have no direct bearing in the packings and said packings'function independently of the holding means for the liners. Since the rin-gs 4I, 55 and 51 and I4I may be ofthe split type, the expense of manufacture is reduced.

The foregoing description of the invention is explanatory thereof and various changes in the size, shape and materials, as well as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claimvand desire to secure by Letters Patent "is: Y

1. In combination, a pair oi cylindrical liners. one Ltting in the otherin intimate contact theres with, an inwardly directed annular lip at the inner end of the outer liner, an annular outwardly directed boss surrounding the outer end of the outer liner, the inner end of the inner liner abutting the lip of the outer liner and the outer end of the inner liner being relatively within the boss of the outer liner, the inner liner having a circumferential recess adjacent the lip, an annular packing in the recess -of the inner liner between said liners, and an annular packing between the liners at the outer ends thereof and relatively within the boss of the outer liner, the outer liner being arranged to be mounted in the bore of a pump cylinder.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1, with a pump cylinder having a bore in which` the outer liner is snugly fitted, packing between the boss of the outer liner and the cylinder, and packing between the inner end of the outer liner and the cylinder.

3. The combination set forth in claim 1, with a follower ringengaging the outer end of the inner liner and holding said inner liner against the lip, said ring being free of contact with the y outer liner.

4. In combination, a pump cylinder having an inner end and an outer end with a bore between said ends, an annular shoulder in the bore nearer the outer end thereof, an outer liner having a circumferential projection having a metal to metal contact with said shoulder, fluid pressure seal packings carried by the liner Within the bore of the cylinder at the outer end portion thereof free to undergo deformation in response to a fluid pressure, an inner liner fitting in the outer liner in intimate contact therewith, an annular lip carried by the inner end of the outer liner abutting the inner end of the inner liner, and pressure seal packing between the inner ends I of the liners.

seal packings carried by the outer liner at the outer end portion thereof within the bore of the cylinder free to undergo deformation in response to a fluid pressure, an inner liner within the outer liner in intimate contact therewith, an annular lip carried by the inner end of the outer liner, pressure seal packing between the inner ends of the liners, and holding means engaging the outer end ofone of the liners and secured to the cylinder.

6. In combination, a pump cylinder having an inner end and an outer end with a bore between said ends and a counterbore at the outer end thereof, a liner in the bore, a pressure seal packing ring between the inner ends of the liner and Y the cylinder bore, an annular external boss surrounding the outer end of the liner and disposed in the counterbore of the cylinder having an external annular rigid member with annular ring recesses on each side thereof enclosed within the counterbore of the cylinder, packings surrounding the boss on each side of the annular1 member and free to undergo expansion, and a follower ring in the counterbore of the cylinder at the outer end of the liner having an annular member engaging the outer end of the liner.

- GEORGE W. WALTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the nle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,510,042 Clewett Sept. 30, 1924 1,592,266 Hamer Juif 13, 1926 2,108,392 SandersY Feb. l5, 1938 2,203,754 Thomas June l1, 1940 OTHER REFERENCES Article in Product Engineering, Feb. 1945, page 101, (Fig. 6).

The article entitled, Design of Hydraulic Systems, by H. Field, pp. 100 to 104 incl. (available in Div. 28) 

